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1 pencil structure
English-German dictionary of Architecture and Construction > pencil structure
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2 pencil structure
Макаров: карандашеобразная структура -
3 structure
1. структура (1. макроскопические особенности масс или толщ горных пород, обычно лучше всего наблюдаемые в обнажениях и отражающие неоднородность пород 2. общее расположение, залегание, распределение или относительное положение масс пород в данной области или регионе 3. форма или строение)
off the structure вдали от свода структуры
on the structure у свода структуры, на структуре 2. текстура
aggregate structure крист. агрегатное строение
air-heave structure текстура воздушного вспучивания
air-pocket structure текстура воздушных карманов
algal structure водорослевая структура
aligned current structure директивная, направленная структура
allotriomorphic structure аллотриоморфная структура
amygdaloidal structure миндалекаменная структура
antidune-line structure антидюнная структура
araucarian structure араукариевый тип строения (растения)
arborescent structure дендритовая структура
arched structure сводообразная структура
areal structure 1. региональная тектоника 2. региональная структура
ash structure пепловая структура
ataxic structure атакситовая текстура
atoll structure атолловая [кольцеобразная] структура
augen structure очковая структура
autoclastic structure автокластическая структура (механического брекчирования)
auto-injection structure автоинъекционная структура
axial structure осевая структура
bald-headed structure антиклинальная структура, сводовая часть которой эродирована
ball structure 1. шаровая структура 2. структура шарового угля
ball-and-pillow structure шарово-подушечная структура.
balled-up structure узелковые стяжения алевритового материала
banded structure полосчатая структура
basal structure базальная структура
basaltic structure базальтовая структура
basement structure структура основания (строение пород, подстилающих осадочный чехол)
basic structures основные структуры
basin-range structure структура бассейнов (впадин) и хребтов
bedded structure слоистая текстура
bird's-eye structure мелкокавернозная структура
bladed structure плосковытянутая [удлинённо-пластинчатая] структура (кристаллов)
blastogranitic structure бластогранитовая структура
blastopelitic structure бластопелитовая структура
blastophitic structure бластофитовая структура
blastoporphyritic structure бластопорфировая структура
blastopsammitic structure бластопсаммитовая структура
blastopsephitic structure бластопсефитовая структура
block structures блоковые [глыбовые] горы
bogen structure оскольчатая стекловатая структура (лав)
book structure листоватая структура
bookhouse structure структура плотных каолиновых глин
botryoidal structure гроздевидная структура
box structure коробчатая структура
branching structure ветвящаяся структура
broken-plate structure структура разбитой тарелки
buried structure погребённая структура
burrow structure структура, образованная ископаемыми следами организмов
cancellated structure ситовидная [канцеллятная] структура
cardhouse structure структура «карточного домика» (некоторых морских осадков)
cataclastic structure катакластическая [порфирито-кластическая] структура
cavernous structure кавернозная структура
cedar-tree structure кедровый лакколит (в котором силлоподобные залежи утоняются в стороны от центрального интрузивного тела)
cell(ular) structure ячеистая [сетчатая] структура
chain structure цепочечная структура
chaos structure хаотическая структура
chessboard structure шахматная структура
chimney like structure трубообразная структура
chitin structure пал. хитиновое строение
circular structure кольцевая структура
cleavage structure сланцеватая структура
closed structure замкнутая структура
close-grained structure плотнозернистая структура
close-packed structure структура с плотной упаковкой
coagulation structure коагуляционная структура, структура студенистых осадков
coarse eye structure грубоочковая структура
coarsely vesicular structure грубопузыристая структура
cockade structure кокардовая [кольчатая] структура
cockscomb structure гребенчатая структура
collapse structure структура обрушения
colloform structure коллоформная структура
colloidal structure коллоидальная структура
columnar structure 1. столбчатая [шестоватая] структура 2. столбчатая отдельность
comb structure гребенчатая структура
competent structure компетентная структура
complementary structures сопряжённые [взаимосвязанные] структуры
complicated structure сложная структура
composed fan structure сложная веерообразная структура
compound structure двухъярусная структура
concentric zonal structure концентрически-зональная структура
conchoidal structure раковистая структура
concretionary structure конкреционная структура
cone-in-cone structure структура «конус в конусе»
consertal structure консертальная [разнозернистая] структура
contorted structure смятая структура
convergent structure конвергентная структура
core-and-shell structure структура ядра и оболочки
cornice structure карнизная [навесная] структура
corona structure венцовая [венчиковая] структура
corrugated structure гофрированная структура; плойчатая структура
covered structure скрытая структура
crape structure структура давления
cross-hatching structure перекрёстная структура
crumble structure структура растрескивания
crush structure структура дробления
cryptocrystalline structure криптокристаллическая структура
cryptoexplosion structure криптоэксплозивная структура
cryptovolcanic structure криптовулканическая структура
crystal structure 1. кристаллическая структура 2. структура кристалла
crystalline structure кристаллическая структура
cup-and ball structure шарово-гнездовая структура
curved structure волнистая структура
cylindrical structure цилиндрическая структура
dactylitic structure дактилитовая структура
damped-wave structures затухающие кольцевые структуры
decken structure покровная структура
decussate structure крестообразная структура
deep-seated structure глубинная структура
deformation structure деформационная структура
delta structure дельтовая структура
dendritic structure- дендритовая структура
derivative structure производная структура
diabasic structure диабазовая структура
diadactic structure диатактическая текстура
diamond structure алмазная структура
diapir structure диапировая структура
diapir salt structure диапировая соляная структура
dip-and-fault structure структура уклонов и сбросов
directional structure директивная [направленная] структура
directionless structure нерассланцованная структура; структура без определённого направления
dish structure блюдцеобразная структура
disorder(ed) structure разупорядоченная структура
divergent structure разветвлённая структура
diverse structure разнотипная структура
dohyaline structure догиалиновая структура
domain structure доменная структура
dome structure куполообразная структура
double-fold structure сложноскладчатая структура
doughnut structure доунатовая [друмлиновая] структура
downward facing structure перевёрнутая [опрокинутая] структура
drusy structure друзовая структура
dune-like structure дюнообразная структура
ebb and flow structure строение толщи горных пород, характеризующееся чередованием горизонтально- и косозалегающих слоев
ellipsoidal structure эллипсоидальная структура
emulsion structure эмульсионная структура
enterolithic structure энтеролитовая текстура
entoolitic structure энтоолитовая структура
eozoon structure эозоновая структура
eutectic structure эвтектическая структура
external structure внешнее строение
eye structure очковая структура
eye-and-eyebrow structure структура (некоторых риолитов), напоминающая глаз и бровь
fairy-castle structure структура (микрорельефа лунной поверхности), напоминающая волшебный замок
fan structure веерообразная структура
faulted structure сбросово-глыбовое строение
feathered structure перистое строение
felted structure спутанно-волокнистая [войлочная, пилотакситовая] структура
festoon structure фестончатая структура
fibrous structure волокнистая структура
fibrous-radiated structure волокнисто-лучистая структура
filiform structure нитевидная структура
fine-cellular structure мелкоячеистая структура
fine eye structure мелкоочковая структура
fine-grating — тонкосетчатая структура
flaky schistose structure чешуйчато-сланцеватая текстура
flame structure пламенная структура
flame-like structure пламевидная структура
flaser structure флазерная [полосчатая] структура
flexure structure флексурная структура
flow structure флюидальная структура, структура течения
flow-and-plunge structure структура течения и ныряния (разновидность косой слоистости)
foamy structure пенистая структура
foliaceous structure сланцеватая [листоватая, полосчатая] структура
foliated structure рассланцованная структура
foliation structure сланцеватая [листоватая, полосчатая] структура
framework structure 1. каркасная структура 2. тектоническая структура
frost structure of soil структура мёрзлой почвы
glass structure стекловатая структура
globular structure шаровидная [сферолитовая] структура
glomeroblastic structure гломеробластовая структура
gneissic structure гнейсовая структура
gneissoid structure гнейсовидная структура
goffering structure гофрированная структура
grain [granular] structure зернистая структура
granular cleavable structure зернисто-сланцеватая структура
granulitic structure гранулитовая структура
graphic structure графическая структура
grating structure сетчатая [решётчатая] структура
gravity-collapse structure структура гравитационного оседания
gross structure макроструктура
hacksaw structure гребенчатая структура
hammock structure «гамачная» структура (пересечение под острым углом двух систем трещин или жил)
hassock structure волнистое напластование (разновидность конволютной слоистости)
healed structure крустифицированная структура
helicitic structure гелицитовая структура
herringbone structure перистая структура
heteroblastic structure гетеробластовая структура
highly folded structure интенсивно-складчатая структура
homoeoblastic structure гомеобластовая структура
honeycomb structure сотовая структура
hourglass structure структура песочных часов
hypautomorphic structure гипавтоморфная структура
hypidiomorphic structure гипидиоморфная структура
ice structure структура льда (изъян кристалла алмаза или другого драгоценного камня, обычно в виде группы трещин около включения инородной частицы)
ice-flower structure структура ледяных узоров (вурцита)
imbricated structure чешуйчатая структура
impalpable structure супермелкозернистая структура
implication structure импликационная структура, структура прорастания
inferred structure предполагаемая структура
internal structure внутренняя структура
involved fold structure структура с интенсивной внутренней складчатостью
kelyphitic structure келифитовая структура
kink structure коленчатая структура
lamellar structure пластинчатая структура
lamellar-stellate structure пластинчато-звездчатая структура
laminated structure пластинчатая структура
laminated flow structure полосчатая флюидальная структура
lamprophyric structure лампрофировая структура
large prismatic structure крупнопризматическая структура
lateral structure боковая структура
layer structure слоистая структура
lenticular structure линзообразная структура
lignitic structure лигнитовая структура
linear structure линейная структура
linear flow structure плоскостная текстура течения
linear-parallel structure линейно-параллельная структура
load-flow structure структура нагрузки потока
lobate plunge structure отпечаток выемки, рифлёный отпечаток
lump structure комковатая структура
maculose structure пятнистая структура
magnophyric structure крупнопорфировая структура
mammilary structure сосцевидная [караваеобразная, подушечная] структура
massive structure массивная структура
medium structure среднезернистая структура
megaphyric structure мегафировая [крупнопорфировая] структура
mesh structure ячеистая структура
mesoscopic structure мезоскопическая структура, мезоструктура
metacolloid structure метаколлоидная структура
micaceous structure слюдистая структура
microcrystalfine structure микрокристаллическая структура
migration structure миграционная структура
miniphyritic structure микропорфировая структура
mortar structure порфирокластическая структура
mosaic structure мозаичная структура
mossy structure моховая [моховидная] структура
mottled structure крапчатая [пятнистая] структура
mound structure структура ямок и бугорков
mountain structure горная структура
mullion structure муллион-структура, брусчатая структура
murbruk structure порфирокластическая структура
myrmekite structure мирмекитовая структура
nappe structure покровная структура
net structure петельчатая [сетчатая] структура
network structure каркасная структура
nodular structure желваковая [конкреционная, нодулярная]структура
normal fold structure нормальная складчатая структура
ocellar structure оцеллярная [глазковая] структура
offset structure структура разрыва, структура смещения
open structure открытая структура
open-packed structure структура с неплотной упаковкой
open-space structure структура заполнения пустот
orbicular structure орбикулярная [шаровидная, сфероидальная] структура
order structure упорядоченная структура
ore structure рудная структура
original structure первоначальная структура
overlapped structure перекрытая [покровная] структура
paleocurrent structure направленная структура
palimpsest structure палимпсестовая структура
parallel-banded structure параллельная структура
peg structure каркасная структура
pellet structure пеллетовая структура
pell-mell structure беспорядочная структура
pencil structure карандашеобразиая структура
penecontemporaneous structure постседиментационная структура
percrystalline structure полнораскристаллизованная структура
perhyaline structure пергиалиновая структура
periclinal structure периклинальная структура
perlitic structure перлитовая структура
phacoidal structure факоидальная структура
pillow structure 1. сосцевидная [караваеобразная, подушечная] структура 2. подушечная отдельность
pillow-lava structure подушечно-лавовая структура
pilotaxitic structure пилотакситовая структура
pinch-and-swell structure чётковидная структура
piperno structure пиперновая структура
pisolitic structure пизолитовая структура
pit structure мелкоямчатая структура
pit and mound structure структура ямок и бугорков
planar structure плоскостная структура
planparallel structure согласная структура
platy flow structure плоскостная [планпараллельная] структура течения
plicated structure складчатая структура
plicated schistose structure складчато-слашхеватая структура
plume structure перистая структура
poor meshed structure слабовыраженная решётчатая структура
porous structure пористая структура
porphyroblastic structure порфиробластовая структура
porphyroclastic structure порфирокластическая структура
porphyrotopic structure порфиротспная структура
posthumous structures постумные структуры, постумные дислокации
primary structure первичная структура
primary sedimentary structure первичная осадочная текстура
primary skeletal structure первичный скелет
prismatic structure столбчатая отдельность
protoclastic structure протокластическая структура
pseudoflow structure псевдофлюидальная структура
pseudotelescope structure псевдотелескопированная структура
ptygmatic structure птигматитовая структура
pumiceous structure пемзовидная структура
quadrille structure решётчатая структура
quaqua versa structure куполовидная структура
radiated structure радиальная [лучистая] структура
radiolith structure радиально-лучистая [радиолитовая] структура
ray structure лучистая структура
reaction structure реакционная структура
rectangular joint structure прямоугольная система трещиноватости
reflected buried structure отражённая погребённая структура
relict structure остаточная [реликтовая] структура
reticulate structure петельчатая [сетчатая] структура
reticulate fibrous structure волокнисто-сетчатая структура
revived structure возрождённая [омоложенная] структура
ribbon structure ленточная [полосчатая] структура
ring(-type) structure кольцевая структура
rodding structure брусчатовидная [верёвочная] структура
rodlike structure столбчатая структура
roof and wall structure структура крыши и стены
room and pillar structure камерно-столбовая структура
ropy flow structure волнистая флюидальная структура
rumpled structure смятая структура
sag structure структура проседания
sausage structure структура размывания, будинаж
scaly structure чешуйчатая структура
schistose structure сланцеватая структура
sealing-wax structure структура запечатывания
sedimentary structure осадочная структура
sheaf structure сноповидная структура
shear structure структура скалывания, сдвиговая структура
sheet(ing) structure пластовая отдельность
shingle structure черепитчатая структура
shingle-block structure чешуйчато-блоковая структура
single-grain structure однозернистая структура
slaggy structure шлаковая структура
slaty structure сланцеватая структура
slump structure оползневая структура
snow-ball structure структура «снежного катыша»
soil structure почвенная структура, структура почвы
spheroidal structure сфероидальная структура
spherolitic structure сферолитовая структура
spongy structure губчатая структура
spur-and-groove structure структура типа шпор и борозд (рифогенных образований)
stellate structure звездчатая структура
stratified structure слоистая структура
stylolitic structure стилолитовая структура
subdiabasic structure субдиабазовая структура
subgraphic structure субграфическая структура
subhedral structure субгедральная [гипидиоморфная] структура
sublithographic structure сублитографская структура
subophitic structure субофитовая структура
superimposed structure наложенная структура
surface structure поверхностная структура
suture structure шовная структура
symplex structure симплексная структура
syngenetic structure сингенетическая текстура
tabular structure пластинчатая структура
taxitic structure такситовая структура
tectonic structure тектоническая структура
telescope structure телескопическая структура
tepee structure шатровая структура
tertiary structure третичная структура
thermal structure термальная структура
thin-skinned structure маломощная близповерхностная структура
three-layer structure трёхслойная структура
trachytoid structure трахитоидная структура
twin mesh structure двойниковая петельчатая структура
two-layer structure двухслойная структура
Uinta structure структура типа Юинта
underground structure структура, скрытая под поверхностью; структура, не выраженная на поверхности
unmixing structure ликвационная структура
unoriented structure неориентированная структура
upright fan structure веерообразная вертикальная структура
variolated structure вариолитовая структура
vector structure директивная[направленная]структура
vesicular structure пузырчатая структура
volcanic structure вулканическая структура
winding linear parallel structure изогнуто-линейно параллельная структура
xenoikic structure разновидность пойкилитовой структуры
xenomorphic structure ксеноморфная структура
zonal structure зональная структура
* * *• разрез• среда -
4 структурный пучок
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > структурный пучок
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5 CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE
■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. The Oxford Book of Portuguese Verse: XIIth Century-XXth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1925, 1952 (2nd edition, B. Vi-digal, ed.).■. Portuguese Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1922, 1970 (2nd edition, B. Vidigal, ed.).■ Bleiberg, German, Maureen Ihrie, and Janet Pérez, eds. Dictionary of the Literature of the Iberian Peninsula, 2 vols. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1993.■ Castro, Francisco Lyon de, ed. História da literatura portuguesa, 7 vols. Lisbon: Alfa, 2001-02.■ Cidade, Hernani. Lições de Cultura e Literatura Portuguesa, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1960-62.■ Cook, Manuela. Portuguese: A Complete Course for Beginners. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1996. Figueiredo, Fidelino. História literária de Portugal. Coimbra, 1944. Gentile, Georges Le. La Littérature Portugaise. Rev. ed. Paris, 1951. Kunoff, Hugo. Portuguese Literature from Its Origins to 1990: A Bibliography Based on the Collections at Indiana University. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1994.■ Longland, Jean. Contemporary Portuguese Poetry. A Bilingual Selection. Irvington-on-Hudson: Harvey House, 1966. Prado Coelho, Jacinto do. Dicionário das Literaturas Portuguesas, Galega e Brasileira, 3rd ed. Oporto, 1978. Rossi, Giuseppe C. Storia della letteratura portoghesa. Florence, 1953.■ Santos, João Camilo dos. "Portuguese Contemporary Literature." In Antônio Costa Pinto, ed., Modern Portugal, 218-42. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.■ Saraiva, Antônio José. História da cultura em Portugal, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1950-60.■. História da Literatura Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1990 ed.■, and Oscar Lopes. História da Literatura Portuguesa. Oporto and Coimbra, 1992 ed.■ Seguier, Jaime de, ed. Dicionário Prático Ilustrado. Oporto: Lello, 1961 and later eds.■ Simões, João Gaspar. História da poesia portuguesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1955-56 and later eds.■. História da poesia portuguesa do século XX. Lisbon, 1959 and later eds.■ Stern, Irwin, ed.-in-chief. Dictionary of Brazilian Literature. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1988.■ TRAVEL AND TOURIST GUIDES ON PORTUGAL■ Ballard, Sam, and Jane Ballard. Pousadas of Portugal: Unique Lodgings in State-owned Castles, Palaces, Mansions and Hotels. Boston: Harvard Common, 1986.■ Bridge, Ann, and Susan Lowndes Marques. The Selective Traveller in Portugal. London: Chatto & Windus, 1968.■ Ellingham, Mark, et al. Portugal: The Rough Guide. London: Rough Guides, 2008 ed.■ Hogg, Anthony. Travellers' Portugal. London: Solo Mio, 1983.■ Kite, Cynthia, and Ralph Kite. Portuguese Country Inns & Pousadas. New York: Warner Books; Karen Brown's Country Inn Series, 1988.■ Lowndes, Susan, ed. Fodor's Portugal 1991. New York: Fodor's, 1990.■ Proença Raúl, and Sant'anna Dionísio, eds. Guía De Portugal. I. Generalidades. Lisboa E, Arredores. Lisbon: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1924; 1983.■ Robertson, Ian. Portugal: Blue Guide. London: Benn; New York: Norton, 2000 and later eds.■ Stoop, Anne de. Living in Portugal. Paris and New York: Flammarion, 1995. Wright, David, and Patrick Swift. Minho and North Portugal: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1968.■. Lisbon: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1971.■. Algarve: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1973.■ HISTORY OF PORTUGAL Ancient and Medieval (2000 BCE-1415 CE)■ Alarção, Jorge de. Roman Portugal. Volume I: Introduction. Warminster, U.K., 1988.■ Almeida, Fortunato de. História de Portugal. Vol. I. Coimbra, 1922. Arnaut, Salvador Dias. A Crise Nacional dos fins do século XVI. Vol. 1. Coimbra, 1960.■ Baião, Antônio, Hernani Cidade, and Manuel Múrias, eds. História de Expansão Portuguesa no Mundo, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1937-40. Caetano, Marcello. Lições de História do Direito Português. Coimbra, 1962. Cortesão, Jaime. Os Factores Democráticos no Formação de Portugal. Lisbon, 1960.■ David, Pierre. Etudes Historiques sur la Galice et le Portugal du VI au XII siécle. Paris, 1947.■ Dias, Eduardo Mayone. 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Daily Life in Portugal in the Middle Ages. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1971.■. Ensaios de História Medieval Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1980.■. "Introduçao à História da Cidade Medieval Portuguesa." Bracara Augusta XXV, 92-93 (January-December 1981): 367-87.■. Guía do Estudante de História Medieval Portuguesa, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1985.■. Portugal Na Crise Dos Séculos XIV e XV-Vol. IV of Serrão and Oliveira Marques, Nova História de Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.■ Peres, Damião de, ed. História de Portugal. Vols. I, II. Barcelos, 1928-29.■ Rau, Virginia. Subsídios para o estudo das Feiras Medievais Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1943.■. Sesma'rias Medievais Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1946.■ Ribeiro, Orlando. "Portugal, formação de." Dicionário da História de Portugal. Vol. III, 432-51. Lisbon, 1966.■ Rogers, Francis M. The Travels of the Infante Dom Pedro of Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1961.■ Russell, P. E. 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A Situação Social em Portugal, 1960-1996. Lisbon: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, 1996.■ Bermeo, Nancy Gina. "Worker Management in Industry: Reconciling Representative Government and Industrial Democracy in a Polarized Society." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 181-98. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■. The Revolution within the Revolution: Workers' Control in Rural Portugal. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986.■ Braeckman, Colette. Portugal: Revolution surveilée. Brussels: Rossei, 1975.■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel. "O Presidente da República na génese e evolução do sistema de governor portugües." Análise social XXIX, 125-26 (1994): 237-65.■, coord. "Portugal Político 25 Anos Depois." Análise Social XXXV, 154/155 (Summer 2000): 1-404. Bruneau, Thomas C. "Popular Support for Democracy in Post-revolutionary Portugal: Results from a Survey." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 21-42. 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Ramos Silva, eds., Portugal: An Atlantic Paradox, 9-11. Lisbon, 1990. Gaspar, Jorge, and Nuno Vitorino. As Eleições De 25 De Abril: Geografia E Imagem Dos Partidos. Lisbon, 1976.■. "10 Anos de Democracia: Reflexos na geografia política." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opelio, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal 1974-1984/ Conflitos e Mudanças em Portugal, 1974-1984, 135-55. Lisbon, 1985.■, et al. As Eleições para assembleia da república, 1979-1983: Estudos de geografia eleitoral. Lisbon, 1984. Gaspar, Jorge, and Nuno Vitorino, eds. Portugal em mapas e em números. Lisbon, 1981.■ Giaccone, Fausto. Una Storia Portoghese/ Uma História Portuguesa. Palermo: Randazzo Focus, 1987.■ Gladdish, Ken. "Portugal: An Open Verdict." In Geoffrey Pridham, ed. Securing Democracy: Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation in Southern Europe, 104-25. London and New York: Routledge, 1990.■ Graham, Lawrence S. The Decline and Collapse of an Authoritarian Order. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1975.■, and Harry M. Makler, eds. Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.■, and Douglas L. Wheeler, eds. In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■ Grayson, George W. "Portugal and the Armed Forces Movement." Orbis XIX, 2 (Summer 1975): 335-78.■ Green, Gil. Portugal's Revolution. New York: International, 1976.■ Hammond, John L. Building Popular Power: Workers' and Neighborhood Movements in the Portuguese Revolution. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1988.■ Harsgor, Michael. Naissance d'un Nouveau Portugal. Paris: Ed. du Seuil, 1975.■. Portugal in Revolution. Washington, D.C.: CSIS and Sage, 1976.■ Harvey, Robert. Portugal, Birth of a Democracy. London: Macmillan, 1978.■ Herr, Richard, ed. Portugal: The Long Road to Democracy and Europe. Berkeley, Calif.: International and Area Studies, 1992.■ Insight Team of the Sunday [London] Times. Insight on Portugal: The Year of the Captains. London: Deutsch, 1975.■ Janitschek, Hans. Mario Soares: Portrait of a Hero. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1985.■ Keefe, Eugene K., et al. Area Handbook for Portugal, 1st ed. Washington, D.C.: Foreign Area Studies of American University, 1977. Kramer, Jane. "A Reporter at Large: The Portuguese Revolution." The New Yorker (Dec. 15, 1975): 92-131.■ Lauré, Jason, and Ettagal Lauré. Jovem Portugal: After the Revolution. New York: Straus, Farrar and Giroux, 1977.■ Livermore, H. V. A New History of Portugal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.■ Lourenço, Eduardo. Os Militares e O Poder. Lisbon, 1975.■. O Fascismo Nunca Existiu. Lisbon, 1976.■. "Identidade e Memôria: o caso português." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-l 984, 17-22. Lisbon, 1985.■ Lucena, Manuel. Evolução e Instituições: A Extinção dos Grémios da Lavoura Alentejanos. Mem Martins, 1984.■. "A herança de duas revoluções." In M. Baptista Coelho, ed., Portugal: O Sistema Político e Constitucional, 1974-87, 505-55. Lisbon, 1989.■ Macedo, Jorge Braga de, and S. Serfaty. Portugal since the Revolution: Economic and Political Perspectives. New York: Praeger, 1981.■ Magone, José M. European Portugal: The Difficult Road to Sustainable Democracy. New York: St. Martin's, 1997. Mailer, Phil. Portugal: The Impossible Revolution. London: Solidarity, 1977. Manta, João Abel. Cartoons/ 1969-1975. Lisbon, 1975.■ Manuel, Paul C. Uncertain Outcome: The Politics of Portugal's Transition to Democracy. Lanham, Md. and London: University Press of America, 1994.■ Mateus, Rui. Contos Proibidos. Memorias de Um PS Desconhecido, 3rd ed. Lisbon: Dom Quixote, 1996.■ Maxwell, Kenneth. "Portugal under Pressure." The New York Review of Books (May 2, 1974).■. "The Hidden Revolution in Portugal." The New York Review of Books (April 17, 1975).■. "The Thorns of the Portuguese Revolution." Foreign Affairs 54, 2 (Jan. 1976): 250-70.■. "The Communists and the Portuguese Revolution." Dissent 27, 2 (Spring 1980): 194-206.■. Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.■. The Making of Portuguese Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.■, ed. "Portugal: Toward the Twenty-First Century." Camoes Center Quarterly 5, 3-4 (Fall 1995): 6-55.■, ed. The Press and the Rebirth of Iberian Democracy. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1983.■. Portugal Ten Years after the Revolution: Reports of Three Columbia University-Gulbenkian Workshops. New York: Research Institute on International Change, Columbia University, 1984.■ Maxwell, Kenneth, and Michael H. Haltzel, eds. Portugal: Ancient Country, Young Democracy. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press, 1990.■ Medeiros Ferreira, José. Ensaio Histórico sobre a revolução do 25 de Abril. Lisbon, 1983.■ Medina, João, ed. Portugal De Abril: Do 25 Aos Nossos Dias. In Medina, ed., História Contemporãnea De Portugal. Lisbon, 1985. Merten, Peter. Anarchismus ünd Arbeiterkãmpf in Portugal. Hamburg: Libertare, 1981.■ Miranda, Jorge. Constituição e Democracia. Lisbon, 1976.■. A Constituição de 1976. Lisbon, 1978.■ Morrison, Rodney J. Portugal: Revolutionary Change in an Open Economy. Boston: Auburn House, 1981.■ Mujal-Leôn, Eusebio. "The PCP [Portuguese Communist Party] and the Portuguese Revolution." Problems of Communism 26 (Jan.- Feb. 1977): 21-41.■ Neves, Mário. Missão em Moscovo. Lisbon, 1986.■ Oliveira, César. M. F. A. e Revolução Socialista. Lisbon, 1975.■. Os Anos Decisivos: Portugal 1962-1985. Um testemunho. Lisbon: Presença, 1993.■ Opello, Waiter C., Jr. Portugal's Political Development: A Comparative Approach. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1985.■. Portugal: From Monarchy to Pluralist Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1991.■ Pell, Senator Claiborne H. Portugal ( Including the Azores and Spain) in Search of New Directions: Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1976.■ Pereira, J. Pacheco. "A Case of Orthodoxy: The Communist Party of Portugal." In Waller and Fenema, eds., Communist Parties in Western Europe: Adaptation or Decline? Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988.■ Pilmott, Ben. "Socialism in Portugal: Was It a Revolution?" Government and Opposition 7 (Summer 1977).■. "Were the Soldiers Revolutionary? The Armed Forces Movement in Portugal, 1973-1976." Iberian Studies 7, 1 (1978): 13-21.■, and Jean Seaton. "Political Power and the Portuguese Media." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 43-57. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm and Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1977.■ Pouchin, Dominique. Portugal, quelle révolution? Paris, 1976.■ Pulido Valente, Vasco. "E Viva Otelo." In Pulido Valente, V., ed., O País das Maravilhas, 451-54. Lisbon, 1979 [anthology of articles from weekly Lisbon paper, Expresso].■. Estudos Sobre a Crise Nacional. Lisbon, 1980.■ Rebelo de Sousa, Marcelo. O Sistema de Governo Português antes e depois da Revisão Constitucional, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1981. Rêgo, Raúl. Militares, Clérigos e Paisanos. Lisbon, 1981. Robinson, Richard A. H. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London: Allen & Unwin, 1979.■ Rodrigues, Avelino, Cesário Borga, and Mário Cardoso. O Movemento dos Capitães e o 25 de Abril. Lisbon, 1974.■. Portugal Depois De Abril. Lisbon, 1976.■ Ruas, H. B., ed. A Revolução das Flores. Lisbon, 1975.■ Rudel, Christian. La Liberte couleur d'oeillet. Paris: Fayard, 1980.■ Sa, Tiago Moreira de. Os Americanos na Revolucao Portuguesa ( 1974-1976). Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 2004.■ Sá Carneiro, Francisco. Por Uma Social-Democracia Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.■ Sanches Osôrio, Helena. Um Só Rosto. Uma Só Fé. Conversas Com Adelino Da Palma Carlos. Lisbon, 1988. Sanches Osôrio, J. The Betrayal of the 25th of April in Portugal. Madrid: Sedmay, 1975.■ Schmitter, Philippe C. "Liberation by Golpe: Retrospective Thoughts on the Demise of Authoritarian Rule in Portugal." Armed Forces and Society 2 (1974): 5-33.■. "An Introduction to Southern European Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain and Turkey." In G. O'Donnell,■ P. C. Schmitter, and L. Whitehead, eds., Transitions from Authoritarian Rule, 3-10. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986.■ Silva, Fernando Dioga da. "Uma Administração Envelhecido." Revista da Ad-ministraçao Pública 2 (Oct.-Dec. 1979).■ Simões, Martinho, ed. Relatório Do 25 De Novembro: Texto Integral, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1976.■ Soares, Isabel, ed. Mário Soares: O homem e o político. Lisbon, 1976. Soares, Mário. Democratização e Descolonização: Dez meses no Governo Provisório. Lisbon, 1975. Sobel, Lester A., ed. Portuguese Revolution, 1974-1976. New York: Facts on File, Inc., 1976.■ Spínola, Antônio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon, 1974.■. País Sem Rumo: Contributo para a História de uma Revolução. Lisbon, 1978.■ Story, Jonathan. "Portugal's Revolution of Carnations: Patterns of Change and Continuity." International Affairs 52 (July 1976): 417-34. Sweezey, Paul. "Class Struggles in Portugal." Monthly Review 27, 4 (Sept. 1975): 1-26.■ Szulc, Tad. "Lisbon and Washington: Behind Portugal's Revolution." Foreign Policy 21 (Winter 1975-76): 3-62. Tavares de Almeida, Antônio. Balsemão: O retrato. Lisbon, 1981. "Vasco." Desenhos Políticos. Lisbon, 1974.■ Vasconcelos, Alvaro. "Portugal in Atlantic-Mediterranean Security." In Douglas T. Stuart, ed., Politics and Security in the Southern Region of the Atlantic Alliance, 117-36. London: Macmillan, 1988.■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "Golpes militares e golpes literários. A literatura do golpe de 25 de Abril de 1974 em contexto histôrico." Penélope. Fazer E Desfazer A História, 19-20 (1998): 191-212.■. "Tributo ao Historiador dos Historiadores. Memorias de A.H.de Oliveira Marques (1933-2007)," Historia XXIX, 95, III series (March 2007), 18-22.■ Wiarda, Howard J. Transcending Corporatism? The Portuguese Corporative System and the Revolution of 1974. Columbia: Institute of International Studies, University of South Carolina, 1976.■. The Transition to Democracy in Spain and Portugal. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1989. Wise, Audrey. Eyewitness in Revolutionary Portugal. With a Preface by Judith Hart, MP. London: Spokesman, 1975.■ PHYSICAL FEATURES: GEOGRAPHY, GEOLOGY, FAUNA, AND FLORA■ Birot, Pierre. Le Portugal: Étude de géographie régionale. Paris, 1950.■ Embleton, Clifford. Geomorphology of Europe. London: Macmillan, 1984.■ Girão, Aristides de Amorim. Divisão regional, divisão agrícola e divisão administrativa. Coimbra, 1932.■. Condições geográficos e históricas de autonomia política de Portugal. Coimbra, 1935.■. Atlas de Portugal, 2nd ed. Coimbra, 1958.■ Ribeiro, Orlando. Portugal, O Mediterrâneo e o Altântico. Coimbra, 1945 and later eds.■. Portugal. Volume V of Geografia de Espana y Portugal. Barcelona, 1955.■. Ensaios de Geografia Humana e regio nal. Lisbon, 1970.■. A geografia e a divisão regional do país. Lisbon, 1970.■ Stanislawski, Dan. The Individuality of Portugal. Austin: The University of Texas Press, 1959.■. Portugal's Other Kingdom: The Algarve. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1963.■ Taylor, Albert William. Wild Flowers of Spain and Portugal. London: Chatto & Windus, 1972.■ Way, Ruth, and Margaret Simmons. A Geography of Spain and Portugal. London: Methuen, 1962.■ ARCHAEOLOGY AND PREHISTORY■ "Actas do Colóquio Inter-Universitário do Noroeste Peninsular (Porto-Baião, 1988), vol. II, Proto-História, romanização e Idade Média." In Trabalhos de antropologia e etnologia. 28, 3-4 (1988).■ Alarcão, Jorge de, ed. "Do Paleolítico va arte visigótica." Vol. 1, História da■ Arte em Portugal. Lisbon: Alfa, 1986.■. Roman Portugal, 3 vols. Warminister, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.■. Portugal Das Orígens A Romanização. Vol. I. In J. Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds. Nova História de Portugal. Lisbon: Presença, 1990. Anderson, James M., and M. S. Lea. Portugal 1001 Sights: An Archaeological and Historical Guide. Calgary, Alberta: University of Calgary and Robert Hale, 1994.■ Balmuth, Miriam S., Antonio Gilman, and Lourdes Prados-Torreira, eds. Encounters and Transformations: The Archaeology of Iberia in Transition. Monographs in Mediterranean Archaeology, no. 7. Sheffield, U.K.: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997.■ Beirão, C. M. M. Une civilization protohistorique du Sud au Portugal ( 1er Age du Fer). Paris: D. Boccard, 1986.■ Cardoso, João Luís, Santinho A. Cunha, and Delberto Aguiar. O Homem Pre-Histórico no Concelho de Oeiras. Oeiras, Portugal: Estudos Arquelógicos de Oeiras, 1991.■ Harrison, Richard J. The Bell Beaker Cultures of Spain and Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1977.■ Mangas, Júlio, ed. Hispania epigraphica. Madrid, 1989.■ Maloney, Stephanie J. "The Villa of Toerre de Palma, Portugal: Archaeology and Preservation." Portuguese Studies Review VIII, 1 (Fall-Winter, 1999-2000): 14-28.■ Savory, H. N. Spain and Portugal: The Prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula. London, 1968.■ Silva, A. C. F. A cultura castreja no Noroeste de Portugal. Paços de Ferreira:■ Museu da Citânia de Sanfins, 1986. Straus, L. G. Iberia before the Iberians. Albuquerque, N.M., 1992.■ FOREIGN TRAVELERS AND RESIDENTS' ACCOUNTS■ Andersen, Hans Christian. A Visit to Portugal 1866. London: Peter Owen, 1972.■ Beckford, William. Italy, with Sketches of Spain and Portugal. Paris: Baudry's European Library, 1834.■ Boyd Alexander, ed. London: Hart-Davies, 1954.■. Recollections of an Excursion to the Monasteries of Alcoboca and Batalha. Fontwell, U.K.: Centaur Press, 1972.■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. In Portugal. London: Bodley Head, 1912.■ Borrow, George. The Bible in Spain, 2 vols. London: Constable, 1923 ed.■ Chaves, Castelo Branco. Os livros de viagens em Portugal no século XVIII e a sua projecção europeia. Lisbon, 1977.■ Costigan, Arthur William. Sketches of Society and Manners in Portugal. London: T. Vernon, 1787.■ Crawfurd, Oswald. Portugal Old and New. London: Kegan, Paul, 1880.■. Round the Calendar in Portugal. London: Chapman & Hall, 1890.■ Darymple, William. Travels through Spain and Portugal in 1774. London: J. Almon, 1777.■ Dumouriez, Charles Francois Duperrier. An Account of Portugal as It Appeared in 1766. London: C. Law, 1797.■ Fielding, Henry. Jonathan Wild and the Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon. London: J. M. Dent, 1932.■ Fullerton, Alice. To Portugal for Pleasure. London: Grafton, 1945.■ Gibbons, John. I Gathered No Moss. London: Robert Hale, 1939.■ Gordon, Jan, and Cora Gordon. Portuguese Somersault. London: Harrap, 1934.■ Hewitt, Richard. A Cottage in Portugal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996.■ Huggett, Frank. South of Lisbon: Winter Travels in Southern Portugal. London: Gollancz, 1960.■ Hume, Martin. Through Portugal. London: Richards, 1907.■ Hyland, Paul. Backwards Out of the Big World: A Voyage into Portugal. Hammersmith, U.K.: HarperCollins, 1996.■ Jackson, Catherine Charlotte, Lady. Fair Lusitania. London: Bentley, 1874.■ Kelly, Marie Node. This Delicious Land Portugal. London: Hutchinson, 1956.■ Kempner, Mary Jean. Invitation to Portugal. New York: Athenaeum, 1969.■ Kingston, William H. G. Lusitanian Sketches of the Pen and Pencil. 2 vol. London: Parker, 1845.■ Landmann, George. Historical, Military and Picturesque Observations on Portugal. 2 vol. London: Cadell and Davies, 1818.■ Latouche, John [Pseudonym of Oswald Crawfurd]. Travels in Portugal. London: Ward, Lock & Taylor, ca. 1874.■ Link, Henry Frederick. Travels in Portugal and France and Spain. London: Longman & Rees, 1801.■ Macauley, Rose. They Went to Portugal. London: Jonathan Cape, 1946.■. They Went to Portugal, Too. Manchester: Carcanet Books, 1990.■ Merle, Iris. Portuguese Panorama. London: Ouzel, 1958.■ Murphy, J. C. Travels in Portugal. London: 1795.■ Proper, Datus C. The Last Old Place: A Search through Portugal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992.■ Quillinan, Dorothy [Wordsworth]. Journal of a Few Months in Portugal with Glimpses of the South of Spain. 2 vol. London: Moxon, 1847. Sitwell, Sacheverell. Portugal and Madeira. London: Batsford, 1954. Smith, Karine R. Until Tomorrow: Azores and Portugal. Snohomish, Wash.: Snohomish Publishing, 1978. Southey, Robert. Journals of a Residence in Portugal, 1800-1801 and a Visit to France, 1838. London and New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1912. Thomas, Gordon Kent. Lord Byron's Iberian Pilgrimage. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1983. Twiss, Richard. Travels through Portugal and Spain in 1772-1773. London, 1775.■ Watson, Gilbert. Sunshine and Sentiment in Portugal. London: Arnold, 1904. Wheeler, Douglas L. "A[n American] Fulbrighter in Lisbon, Portugal, 196162." Portuguese Studies Review 1 (1991): 9-16.■ PORTUGUESE CARTOGRAPHY, DISCOVERIES, AND NAVIGATION■ Albuquerque, Luís de. Curso de História de Naútica. Coimbra, 1972.■. Introdução a história dos descobrimentos, 3rd ed. Mem Martins, 1983.■. Os Descobrimentos Portugueses. Lisbon: Alfa, 1983.■. Portuguese Books on Nautical Science from Pedro Nunes to 1650. Lisbon, 1984.■. Os Descobrimentos Portugueses. Lisbon, 1985.■ Boorstin, Daniel. The Discoverers. New York: Random House, 1983. Boxer, C. R. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire, 1415-1825. London: Hutchinson, 1969.■ Brazão, Eduardo. La découverte de Terre-Neuve. Montreal: Les Presses de l'Université, 1964.■. "Les Corte-Real et le Nouveau Monde." 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Brother Luiz de Sousa [play]. Edgar Prestage, trans. London: Elkin Mathess, 1909.■. Travels in My Homeland. John M. Parker, trans. London: Peter Owen and UNESCO, 1987. Griffin, Jonathan. Camões: Some Poems Translated from the Portuguese by Jonathan Griffin. London: Menard Press, 1976. Jorge, Lídia. The Murmuring Coast. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1995.■ Lisboa, Eugénio, ed. Portuguese Short Fiction. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1997.■ Lopes, Fernão. The English in Portugal 1367-87: Extracts from the Chronicles of Dom Fernando and Dom João. Derek W. Lomax and R. J. Oakley, eds. and trans. Warminster, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.■ Macedo, Helder, ed. Contemporary Portuguese Poetry: An Anthology in English. Helder Macedo, et al., trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet New Press, 1978.■ Martins, J. P. De Oliveira. A History of Iberian Civilization. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans.; preface by Salvador de Madariaga. New York: Cooper Square, 1969.■ Mendes Pinto, Fernão. 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Análise Social [special number on Portuguese Women and Feminism] 22 (1986): 92-93.■ Osório, Ana de Castro. As Mulheres Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1905.■ Sadlier, Darlene J. The Question of How: Women Writers and New Portuguese Literature. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood; Contributions in Women's Studies, no. 109, 1989.■ Silva, Manuela. The Employment of Women in Portugal. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications, European Communities, 1984. Velho da Costa, Maria. Maina Mendes. Lisbon, 1974.■ Vicente, Ana, and Maria Reynolds de Souza. Family Planning in Portugal. Lisbon, 1984.■ Almeida, Fortunato de. História da Igreja em Portugal. 6 vols. Coimbra, 1910-24, and Oporto, 1967-72. Alonso, Joaquim Maria. The Secret of Fátima: Fact and Legend. Cambridge, Mass.: Ravengate Press, 1979. Alves, José da Felicidade, ed. Católicos e política de Humberto Delgado à Marcelo Caetano. Lisbon, 1969. Araújo, Miguel de, ed. Dicionario político; 1; Os Bispos e a revoluçao de Abril. Lisbon, 1976. Bishko, Charles Julian. Spanish and Portuguese Monastic History 600-1300. London, Variorum Reprints, 1984.■ Blanshard, Paul. Freedom and Catholic Power in Spain and Portugal. Boston: Beacon Press, 1962.■ Boxer, C. R. The Church Militant and Iberian Expansion 1440-1770. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978. Bruneau, Thomas C. "Church and State in Portugal: Crises of Cross and Sword." Journal of Church and State XVIII (1976): 463-90. Freire, José Geraldes. Resistência Católico ao Salazarismo-Marcelismo. Oporto, 1976.■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. John C. Banner, trans. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1962.■ IPOPE. Estudo sobre liberdade e religião em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973. Johnston, Francis. Fátima: The Great Sign. Chulmleigh, U.K.: Augustine Publications, 1980.■ Kondor, Fr. Louis. Fátima in Lucia's Own Words: Sister Lucia's Memoirs. Fatima: Postulation Center, 1976. Lourenço, Joaquim Maria. Situação jurídica da Igreja em Portugal. Coimbra, 1943.■ Mattoso, José. Religião e Cultura na Idade Média Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1982. Miller, Samuel J. Portugal and Rome c. 1748-1830: An Aspect of Catholic Enlightenment. Rome: Universita Gregoriana Editrice, 1978. O'Malley, John W. The First Jesuits. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993.■ Pattee, Richard. Portugal and the Portuguese World. Milwaukee, Wisc.: Bruce, 1957.■ Prestage, Edgar. Portugal: A Pioneer of Christianity. Lisbon, 1945.■ Richard, Robert. Etudes sur l'histoire morale et religieuse de Portugal. Paris: Centro Cultural de Gulbenkian, 1970.■ Robinson, Richard A. H. "The Religious Question and Catholic Revival in Portugal, 1900-1930." Journal of Contemporary History XII (1977): 345-62.■. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London: Allen & Unwin, 1979.■ Rodrigues, R. P. Francisco. História da Companhia de Jesus na Assistência de Portugal, 7 vols. Lisbon, 1931-50.■ Roth, Cecil. A History of the Marranos. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1932.■ Agriculture, Viticulture, and Fishing■ Abreu-Ferreira, Darlene. "The Portuguese in Newfoundland: Documentary Evidence Examined." Portuguese Studies Review 4, 1 (1995-96): 11-33.■ Allen, H. Warner. The Wines of Portugal. London: Michael Joseph, 1963.■ Barros, Afonso de. A reforma agrária em Portugal. Oeiras, 1979.■ Beamish, Huldine V. The Hills of Alentejo. London: Geoffrey Bles, 1958.■ Bennett, Norman R. "The Golden Age of the Port Wine System, 1781-1807." The International History Review XII (1990): 221-18.■ Black, Richard. "The Myth of Subsistence: Market Production in the Small Farm Sector of Northern Portugal." Iberian Studies 1, 8 (1989): 25-41.■ Bravo, Pedro, and Duarte de Oliveira. Viticulture Moderna. Lisbon, 1974.■. Vinhas e Vinhos De Portugal. Lisbon, 1979.■ Cabral, Manuel V. "Agrarian Structures and Recent Movements in Portugal." Journal of Peasant Studies 4, 5 (July 1978): 411-45.■ Cardoso, José Carvalho. A Agricultura Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1973.■ Carvalho, Bento de. Guía Dos Vinhos Portugueses. Lisbon, 1982.■ Clarke, Robert. Open Boat Whaling in the Azores: The History and Present Methods of a Relic Industry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1954.■ Cockburn, Ernest. Port Wine and Oporto. London: Wine & Spirit, 1949. Cole, S. C. "Cod, Cod Country and Family: The Portuguese Newfoundland Fishery." Mast 3, 1 (1990): 1-29.■ Coull, James. The Fisheries of Europe. London: G. Bell & Sons, 1972.■ Croft-Cooke, Rupert. Port. London: Putnam, 1957.■. Madeira. London: Putnam, 1961.■ Delaforce, John. The Factory House at Oporto. London: Christie's Wine Publications, 1979 and later eds.■ Doel, Patricia A. Port O'Call: Memories of the Portuguese White Fleet in St. John's Newfoundland. St. John's, Newfoundland: ISER, 1992.■ Fletcher, Wyndham. Port: An Introduction to Its History and Delights. London: Bernet, 1978.■ Francis, A. D. The Wine Trade. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1972.■ Freitas, Eduardo, João Ferreira de Almeida, and Manuel Villaverde Cabral. Modalidades de penetração do capitalismo na agricultura: estruturas agrárias em Portugal Continental, 1950-1970. Lisbon, 1976.■ Gonçalves, Francisco Esteves. Portugal: A Wine Country. Lisbon, 1984.■ Gulbenkian Foundation. Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.■ Kurlansky, Mark. Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World. New York: Walker, 1997.■ Malefakis, Edward. "Two Iberian Land Reforms Compared: Spain, 1931-1936 and Portugal, 1974—1978." In Gulbenkian Foundation, Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.■ Moutinho, M. História da pesca do bacalhau. Lisbon: Imprensa Universitária, 1985.■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. lntrodução a história da agricultura em Portugal.■ Lisbon, 1968. Pato, Octávio. O Vinho. Lisbon, 1971.■ Pearson, Scott R. Portuguese Agriculture in Transition. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1987.■ Postgate, Raymond. Portuguese Wine. London: Dent, 1969.■ Read, Jan. The Wines of Portugal. London: Faber & Faber, 1982.■ Robertson, George. Port. London: Faber & Faber, 1982 ed.■ Rutledge, Ian. "Land Reform and the Portuguese Revolution." Journal of Peasant Studies 5, 1 (Oct. 1977): 79-97.■ Sanceau, Elaine. The British Factory at Oporto. Oporto, 1970.■ Simon, Andre L. Port. London: Constable, 1934.■ Simões, J. Os grandes trabalhadores do Mar: Reportagens na Terra Nova e na Groenlândia. Lisbon: Gazeta dos Caminho de Ferro, 1942.■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992: Special Report. New York: Camões Center/RIIC, Columbia University, 1990.■ Stanislawski, Dan. Landscapes of Bacchus: The Vine in Portugal. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1970.■ Teixeira, Carlos, and Victor M. Pereira da Rosa, eds. The Portuguese in Canada: From the Seat to the City. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2000.■ Unwin, Tim. "Farmers' Perceptions of Agrarian Change in Northwest Portugal." Journal of Rural Studies 1, 4 (1985): 339-57.■ Valadão do Valle, E. Bacalhau: tradições históricas e económicos. Lisbon, 1991.■ Venables, Bernard. Baleia! The Whalers of Azores. London: Bodley Head, 1968.■ Villiers, Alan. The Quest of the Schooner Argus: A Voyage to the Banks and Greenland. New York: Scribners, 1951. World Bank. Portugal: Agricultural Survey. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.■ ECONOMY, INDUSTRY, AND DEVELOPMENT■ Aiyer, Srivain, and Shahid A. Chandry. Portugal and the E.E.C.: Employment and Implications. Lisbon, 1979.■ Baklanoff, Eric N. The Economic Transformation of Spain and Portugal. New York: Praeger, 1978.■. "Changing Systems: The Portuguese Revolution and the Public Enterprise Sector." ACES ( Association of Comparative Economic Studies) Bulletin 26 (Summer-Fall 1984): 63-76.■. "Portugal's Political Economy: Old and New." In K. Maxwell and M. Haltzel, eds., Portugal: Ancient Country, Young Democracy, 37-59. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press, 1990.■ Barbosa, Manuel P. Growth, Migration and the Balance of Payments in a Small, Open Economy. New York: Garland, 1984.■ Braga de Macedo, Jorge, and Simon Serfaty, eds. Portugal since the Revolution: Economic and Political Perspectives. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1981.■ Carvalho, Camilo, et al. Sabotagem Econômica: " Dossier" Banco Espírito Santo e Comercial de Lisboa. Lisbon, 1975.■ Corkill, David. The Development of the Portuguese Economy: A Case of Euro-peanization. London: Routledge, 1999.■ Cravinho, João. "The Portuguese Economy: Constraints and Opportunities." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 111-65. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.■ Dornsbusch, Rudiger, Richard S. Eckhaus, and Lane Taylor. "Analysis and Projection of Macroeconomic Conditions in Portugal." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 299-330. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.■ The Economist (London). "On the Edge of Europe: A Survey of Portugal." (June 30, 1981): 3-27.■. "Coming Home: A Survey of Portugal." (May 28, 1988).■. 'The New Iberia: Not Quite Kissing Cousins" [Spain and Portugal]. (May 5, 1990): 21-24.■ Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian and German Marshall Fund of the U.S., eds. II Conferência Internacional sobre e Economia Portuguesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1979.■ Hudson, Mark. Portugal to 1993: Investing in a European Future. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit/Special Report No. 11 57/EIU Economic Prospects Series, 1989.■ International Labour Office (ILO). Employment and Basic Needs in Portugal. Geneva: ILO, 1979.■ Kavalsky, Basil, and Surendra Agarwal. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.■ Krugman, Paul, and Jorge Braga de Macedo. "The Economic Consequences of the April 25th Revolution." Economia III (1979): 455-83.■ Lewis, John R., and Alan M. Williams. "The Sines Project: Portugal's Growth Centre or White Elephant?" Town Planning Review 56, 3 (1985): 339-66.■ Makler, Harry M. "The Consequences of the Survival and Revival of the Industrial Bourgeoisie." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 251-83. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■ Marques, A. La Politique Economique Portugaise dans la Période de la Dictature ( 1926-1974). Doctoral thesis, 3rd cycle, University of Grenoble, France, 1980.■ Martins, B. Sociedades e grupos em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973.■ Mata, Eugenia, and Nuno Valério. História Econômica De Portugal: Uma Perspectiva Global. Lisbon: Edit. Presença, 1994. Murteira, Mário. "The Present Economic Situation: Its Origins and Prospects." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 331-42. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979. OCED. Economic Survey: Portugal: 1988. Paris: OCED, 1988 [see also this series since 1978].■ Pasquier, Albert. L'Economie du Portugal: Données et Problémes de Son Expansion. Paris: Librarie Generale de Droit, 1961. Pereira da Moura, Francisco. Para onde vai e economia portuguesa? Lisbon, 1973.■ Pintado, V. Xavier. Structure and Growth of the Portuguese Economy. Geneva: EFTA, 1964.■ Pitta e Cunha, Paulo. "Portugal and the European Economic Community." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 321-38. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.■. "The Portuguese Economic System and Accession to the European Community." In E. Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 281-300. Lisbon, 1985. Porto, Manuel. "Portugal: Twenty Years of Change." In Alan Williams, ed., Southern Europe Transformed, 84-112. London: Harper & Row, 1984. Quarterly Economic Review. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit, 1974-present.■ Salgado de Matos, Luís. Investimentos Estrangeiros em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973 and later eds.■ Schmitt, Hans O. Economic Stabilisation and Growth in Portugal. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1981.■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992. New York: Camões Center, RIIC, Columbia University, 1989.■ Tillotson, John. The Portuguese Bank Note Case [ 1920s]: Legal, Economic and Financial Approaches to the Measure of Damages in Contract. Manchester, U.K.: Faculty of Law, University of Manchester, 1992.■ Tovias, Alfred. Foreign Economic Relations of the Economic Community: The Impact of Spain and Portugal. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1990.■ Valério, Nuno. A moeda em Portugal, 1913-1947. Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1984.■. As Finanças Públicas Portuguesas Entre As Duas Guerras Mundiais. Lisbon: Cosmos, 1994.■ World Bank. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978 and to the present.■ PHOTOGRAPHY ON PORTUGAL■ Alves, Afonso Manuel, Antônio Sacchetti, and Moura Machado. Lisboa. Lisbon, 1991.■ Antunes, José. Lisboa do nosso olhar; A look on Lisbon. Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1991. Beaton, Cecil. Near East. London: Batsford, 1943.■. Lisboa 1942: Cecil Beaton, Lisbon 1942. Lisbon: British Historical Society of Portugal/Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1995.■ Bottineau, Yves. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1957.■ Câmara Municipal de Lisboa. 7 Olhares ( Seven Viewpoints). Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1998.■ Capital, A. Lisboa: Imagens d'A Capital. Lisbon: Edit. Notícias, 1984.■ Dias, Marina Tavares. Photographias de Lisboa, 1900 ( Photographs of Lisbon, 1900). Lisbon: Quimera, 1991.■. Os melhores postais antigos de Lisboa ( The best old postcards of Lisbon). Lisbon: Químera, 1995.■ Finlayson, Graham, and Frank Tuohy. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1970.■ Glassner, Helga. Portugal. Berlin-Zurich: Atlantis-Verlag, 1942. Hopkinson, Amanda, ed. Reflections by Ten Portuguese photographers. Bark-way, U.K.: Frontline/Portugal 600, 1996.■ Lima, Luís Leiria, and Isabel Salema. Lisboa de Pedra e Bronze. Lisbon, 1990.■ Martins, Miguel Gomes. Lisboa ribeirinha ( Riverside Lisbon). Lisbon: Arquivo Municipal, Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, Livros Horizonte, 1994. Vieira, Alice. Esta Lisboa ( This Lisbon). Lisbon: Caminho, 1994. Wohl, Hellmut, and Alice Wohl. Portugal. London: Frederick Muller, 1983.■ EQUESTRIANISM■ Andrade, Manoel Carlos de, Luz da Liberal e Nobre Arte da Cavallaria. Lisbon, 1790.■ Graciosa, Filipe. Escola Portuguesa de Arte Equestre. Lisbon, 2004.■ Horsetalk Magazine. Published in New Zealand.■ Oliveira, Nuno. Reflections on the Equestrian Art. London, 2000.■ Russell, Eleanor, ed. The Truth in the Teaching of Nuno Oliveira. Stanhope,■ Queensland, Australia, 2003. Vilaca, Luis V., and Pedro Yglesias d'Oliveira, eds. LUSITANO. Coudelarias De Portugal. O Cavalo ancestral do Sudoeste da Europa. Lisbon: ICONOM, 2005.■ Websites of interest: www.equestrian.pt portugalweb.comHistorical dictionary of Portugal > CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE
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6 projective
проективный, проекционный allowable projective resolution ≈ допустимая проективная резольвента atomic projective geometry ≈ атомическая проективная геометрия bounding projective chain ≈ ограничивающая проективная цепь centrally projective connectedness ≈ центропроективная связность completely projective module ≈ вполне проективный модуль exceptional projective line ≈ исключительная проективная прямая faithfully projective module ≈ вполне проективный модуль faithfully projective object ≈ строго проективный объект generic projective transformation ≈ общее проективное преобразование n-way projective space ≈ n-кратное проектируемое пространство object of projective connectivity ≈ объект проективной связности one-way projective space ≈ однократное проективное пространство point of projective plane ≈ точка проективной плоскости projective coordinate system ≈ проективная система координат projective curvature tensor ≈ тензор проективной кривизны projective geometry code ≈ проективно-геомет-рический код projective module group ≈ группа проективных модулей pure projective geometry ≈ чисто проективная геометрия pure projective group ≈ сервантно проективная группа quasipure projective group ≈ квазисервантно проективная группа quaternion projective space ≈ кватернионное проективное пространство relative projective object ≈ относительно проективный объект right projective module ≈ правый проективный модуль shunted projective space ≈ стянутое проективное пространство tensor of projective curvature ≈ тензор проективной кривизны thread of projective spectrum ≈ нить проекционного спектра totally projective group ≈ тотально проективная группа weakly projective complex ≈ слабо проективный комплекс weakly projective deformation ≈ слабо проективная деформация weakly projective module ≈ слабо проективный модуль - projective connection - projective connectivit - projective convergence - projective convexity - projective coordinates - projective coordinatization - projective correlation - projective correspondence - projective covariant - projective cover - projective cubic - projective curvature - projective cycle - projective deformation - projective determinacy - projective dilatation - projective dimension - projective element - projective embedding - projective envelope - projective equivalence - projective extremum - projective fibration - projective form - projective framing - projective function - projective game - projective generalization - projective generation - projective geometry - projective group - projective half-plane - projective hierarchy - projective homogeneity - projective homology - projective homomorphism - projective homothety - projective hyperplane - projective interval - projective invariance - projective invariant - projective isomorphism - projective lattice - projective lifting - projective limit - projective manifold - projective maximum - projective metric - projective model - projective module - projective morphism - projective motion - projective normal - projective object - projective operation - projective operator - projective ordering - projective parameter - projective pencil - projective plane - projective point - projective presheaf - projective quadric - projective quartic - projective quotient - projective relation - projective relational - projective representation - projective resolution - projective resolvent - projective scale - projective scheme - projective semiplane - projective set - projective sheaf - projective shift - projective space - projective spectrum - projective sphere - projective spray - projective structure - projective subdivision - projective sublimit - projective subspace - projective symmetry - projective system - projective tensor - projective topology - projective transformation - projective translation - projective transvection - projective tree - projective triangle - projective twistor - projective variety - projective zero - pure projective - quasipure projective - recursively projective - weakly projective (математика) проективный - * geometry проективная геометрия - * plane проективная плоскость выдающийся, выступающийБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > projective
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7 bit
1. долото, головка бура, буровая коронка2. сверло; перка; зенковка3. кусочек; отрезок; частица4. лезвие; режущая кромка5. выч. двоичная единица информации, бит; знак в двоичной системе ()6. см. bitumen, bituminouscombination pilot, drilling and reaming bit — комбинированное долото, состоящее из трёх частей: направляющей, бурящей и расширяющей
cross roller rock bit — шарошечное долото с расположением шарошек в двух взаимно перпендикулярных направлениях
— bore bit— core bit— disk bit— drag bit— dull bit— jet bit— junk bit— rock bit— used bit
* * *
1. долото2. головка бура; буровая коронка3. битabrasive jet coring bit — колонковое долото с гидромониторными насадками для подачи абразивного бурового раствора на забой скважины
ballaset synthetic diamond bit — долото, армированное синтетическими алмазами в абразивно устойчивой матрице (для бурения плотных пород)
cavitating jet-assisted mechanical bit — долото для механического разрушения породы дополнительными насадками путем кавитационного воздействия (бурового раствора на породу в забое)
combination pilot, drilling and reaming bit — комбинированное долото, состоящее из направляющей, бурящей и расширяющей частей
cross roller rock bit — шарошечное долото с расположением шарошек в двух взаимно перпендикулярных направлениях
diamond compact coring bit — буровая коронка, армированная поликристаллическими синтетическими алмазами
eccentric drilling bit for underreaming — эксцентричное буровое долото для расширения ствола скважины
hard-formation rolling cutter core drilling bit — шарошечное керновое буровое долото для бурения твёрдых пород
jet hard-alloy insert rolling cutter drilling bit — шарошечное буровое долото с твердосплавными зубьями и боковой промывкой
jet nozzled rock bit — струйное долото, гидромониторное долото; долото с нижней промывкой
massive set diamond bit — долото, армированное крупными алмазами
multisector scraping-cutting drilling bit with hard-alloy inserts — многосекторное буровое долото истирающе-режущего типа с твердосплавными вставками
offset cone-angle rolling cutter drilling bit — шарошечное буровое долото со смещёнными осями шарошек
rolling cutter core drilling bit — шарошечное керновое буровое долото, шарошечное колонковое буровое долото
rotary core drilling bit — керновое долото для роторного бурения, колонковое долото для роторного бурения
sintered diamond coring bit — буровая коронка, армированная син тетическими алмазами, термически впекаемыми в матрицу
sintered tungsten-carbide teeth drilling bit — буровое долото со вставными зубьями из карбида вольфрама
soft-formation rolling cutter core drilling bit — шарошечное керновое буровое долото для мягких горных пород
to break a drilling bit off — отвинчивать буровое долото;
to buildback a drilling bit — восстанавливать буровое долото;
to buildup a drilling bit — восстанавливать буровое долото;
to pull a drilling bit green — поднимать буровое долото несработанным;
— bore bit— bull bit— core bit— disk bit— drag bit— dull bit— jet bit— junk bit— rock bit— shot bit— spud bit— used bit
* * *
долото, буровая коронка, головка бура (состоит из режущего и циркуляционного элементов; циркуляционный элемент обеспечивает продвижение бурового раствора и использование гидравлической силы жидкого потока для увеличения скорости бурения).
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2. буровое долото; головка бура
* * *
1) долото2) головка бура; буровая коронка3) долото бура; коронка для алмазного бурения4) режущий инструмент; сверло5) бит•bit for underreaming — эксцентрическое долото для расширения скважины;
to break a drilling bit off — отвинчивать буровое долото;
to buildback a drilling bit — восстанавливать буровое долото;
to buildup a drilling bit — восстанавливать буровое долото;
to dress a bit — заправлять долото;
to pick up a drilling bit — приподнимать буровое долото;
to pull a drilling bit — поднимать буровое долото;
- abrasive jet bitto pull a drilling bit green — поднимать буровое долото несработанным;
- abrasive jet coring bit
- air-drilling bit
- air-type bit
- alloy bit
- alloy throw-away bit
- all-purpose bit
- annular bit
- Appleman gumbo bit
- auger bit
- balanced bit
- balanced drilling bit
- ballaset coring bit
- ballaset synthetic diamond bit
- balled-up drilling bit
- basket bit
- bevel-wall bit
- bi-center drilling bit
- big-stone bit
- blade bit
- blade-diamond drilling bit
- blade-drilling bit
- blade-type diamond bit
- blank bit
- blank-casing bit
- blasthole bit
- blind bit
- blunt bit
- blunt drilling bit
- bodiless rolling-cutter drilling bit
- bore bit
- boreway bit
- boring bit
- bort bit
- bort-set bit
- bottom cleanout bit
- bottom discharge bit
- bottoming-type bit
- box-thread bit
- box-type bit
- box-type rolling cutter drilling bit
- broaching bit
- broken-in bit
- bull bit
- bull point drilling bit
- bullnose bit
- burnt bit
- button bit
- button roller bit
- cable drilling bit
- cable tool bit
- California pattern bit
- California-type ideal fishtail bit
- carbide bit
- carbide insert bit
- carbide-type bit
- carboloy-set bit
- carbon bit
- carbonado bit
- carbon-set bit
- carbon-steel bit
- Carr bit
- casing bit
- casing shoe bit
- cast bit
- castellated bit
- cast-insert bit
- cast-set bit
- cavitating jet-assisted mechanical bit
- center bit
- center-hole bit
- chain bit
- changed bit
- chert drilling bit
- chip bit
- chipping-type drilling bit
- chisel bit
- chisel-chopping bit
- chisel-crest insert bit
- chisel-drilling bit
- chisel-type bit
- chopping bit
- chopping drilling bit
- churn-drill bit
- clay bit
- clean-out bit
- collapsible drilling bit
- collaring bit
- combination pilot, drilling and reaming bit
- common bit
- concave bit
- concave diamond drilling bit
- concave plug bit
- cone bit
- cone-and-blade rock drilling bit
- cone-rock bit
- cone-type roller bearing rock bit
- cone-type rolling cutter drilling bit
- conical bit
- convex bit
- core bit
- core-barrel bit
- core-crusher diamond drilling bit
- core-drilling bit
- core-ejector drilling bit
- coreless bit
- coreless drilling bit
- coring bit
- coring drilling bit
- corncob bit
- cross bit
- cross-bladed chisel bit
- cross-chopping bit
- cross-edged bit
- cross-plug bit
- cross-roller bit
- cross-roller rock bit
- cross-section button bit
- cross-section cone bit
- cross-section milled tooth core bit
- cross-section roller core bit
- crown bit
- crowned bit
- cruciform bit
- crushing rock drilling bit
- cutaway wing bit
- cutting-shearing drilling bit
- cutting-type core drilling bit
- cutting-type drilling bit
- Davis cutter bit
- deflecting bit
- deflecting jet drilling bit
- deflection bit
- demountable bit
- demountable drilling bit
- detachable bit
- detachable tungsten carbide insert bit
- deviation control bit
- diamond bit
- diamond-blade drilling bit
- diamond-compact bit
- diamond-compact coring bit
- diamond-core drilling bit
- diamond-crown bit
- diamond-drilling bit
- diamond-drilling core bit
- diamond-impregnated bit
- diamond-insert drilling bit
- diamond-particle bit
- diamond-plug bit
- diamond-point bit
- diamond-point drilling bit
- diamond-set bit
- diamond-set hard metal alloy drilling bit
- differential rolling-cutter drilling bit
- digging bit
- Dimitriyev bit
- disk bit
- double-arc bit
- double-cone bit
- double-cone drilling bit
- double-round nose bit
- double-taper bit
- drag bit
- drag-chisel drilling bit
- drag-drilling bit
- dress bit
- dress drilling bit
- drill bit
- drill-rod bit
- drive bit
- drop-center bit
- dull bit
- dull drilling bit
- dulled drilling bit
- eccentric bit
- eccentric drilling bit
- eccentric underreaming bit
- erosion drilling bit
- even-duty bit
- expandable drilling bit
- expansion bit
- extended insert core bit
- expansion drilling bit
- extended gage bit
- extended nozzle bit
- face-discharge bit
- face-discharge diamond bit
- face-ejection bit
- factory-set bit
- failure bit
- Ferrax journal bit
- finger bit
- finger rotary detachable bit
- finishing bit
- fishtail bit
- fishtail drag bit
- fishtail drilling bit
- flat bit
- flat-face bit
- flat-nose bit
- forged bit
- forged two-wing bit
- four-blade drilling bit
- four-blade rotation bit
- fourble cutter core drilling bit
- four-cone rock drilling bit
- four-cutter rock drilling bit
- four-disk reaming bit
- four-point bit
- four-roller bit
- four-way bit
- four-way drag drilling bit
- four-way rotation bit
- four-wing bit
- four-wing churn drilling bit
- four-wing drag drilling bit
- four-wing drilling bit
- four-wing reaming bit
- four-wing rotary bit
- four-wing rotation bit
- free-falling bit
- fresh bit
- freshly-sharpened bit
- friction bearing bit
- full-gage bit
- full-gage deflecting drilling bit
- full-gage drilling bit
- full-hole bit
- full-hole rock drilling bit
- full-round nose bit
- full-size drilling bit
- geophysical jetting bit
- gimlet bit
- gouge bit
- gravity aspirator bit
- green bit
- gumbo drilling bit
- half-round nose bit
- hand-set bit
- hard-alloy bit
- hard-alloy button drilling bit
- hard-alloy crown bit
- hard-alloy drilling bit
- hard-alloy insert drilling bit
- hard-faced drilling bit
- hard-formation bit
- hard-formation rolling cutter core drilling bit
- hard-metal bit
- hawthorn bit
- heavy-set diamond core drilling bit
- heavy-set diamond drilling bit
- hexagon bit
- high-center bit
- high-pressure bit
- high-pressure diamond bit
- high-pressure drag bit
- high-pressure roller bit
- hollow bit
- hollow drill bit
- Hughes disk bit
- impact action bit
- impregnated bit
- impregnated casing bit
- impregnated diamond drilling bit
- injection drill bit
- insert bit
- insert drilling bit
- insert rock bit
- insert roller core bit
- insert set bit
- insert-type bit
- integral bit
- interchangeable bit
- jack bit
- jet bit
- jet assisted drag bit
- jet assisted roller bit
- jet circulation bit
- jet diamond bit
- jet drilling bit
- jet fishtail drilling bit
- jet hard-alloy insert rolling cutter drilling bit
- jet nozzled rock bit
- jet percussive bit
- jet pump pellet impact drill bit
- jet rock drilling bit
- jet roller bit
- jet rolling cutter drilling bit
- jet two-blade drag bit
- jet two-blade drilling bit
- jet-type tricone bit
- journal-bearing bit
- journal-bearing insert bit
- journal-bearing milled tooth bit
- junk bit
- large-stone bit
- lead bit
- lead drilling bit
- light set bit
- long-inserts bit
- long-shank chopping bit
- long-teeth milled cutter roller core bit
- low-torque drilling bit
- machine-set bit
- machine-sharpened bit
- masonry bit
- massive set diamond bit
- mechanical-set bit
- medium-formation bit
- medium-inserts bit
- medium-round nose bit
- medium-stone bit
- milled-cutter bit
- milled-cutter core bit
- milled-cutter cross section core bit
- milled-teeth drilling bit
- milling bit
- Mother Hubbard bit
- mud bit
- multiblade drilling bit
- multilayer bit
- multilayer diamond drilling bit
- multisector scraping-cutting drilling bit with hard-alloy inserts
- multistone bit
- new bit
- noncoring bit
- off-balance bit
- off-balance drilling bit
- offset chopping bit
- offset cone-angle rolling cutter drilling bit
- oil-field bit
- oil-field rotary bit
- oil-well bit
- oil-well jet bit
- oil-well jet coring bit
- one-cutter rock drilling bit
- opening bit
- oriented diamond bit
- out-of-gage bit
- overburden bit
- overman bit
- oversize drilling bit
- padded bit
- paddle reaming bit
- paddy bit
- paraffin bit
- pellet impact bit
- pencil-core bit
- Pennsylvanian bit
- percussion bit
- percussion-drag drilling bit
- percussion-drilling bit
- percussive coring bit
- pilot bit
- pilot blast-hole bit
- pilot reaming bit
- pineapple drilling bit
- pipe bit
- pipe shoe bit
- placer bit
- plain fishtail drilling bit
- plug bit
- plugged bit
- plugged drilling bit
- pod bit
- pointed drilling bit
- polycrystalline diamond cutter bit
- powder metal bit
- precementing reamer bit
- processed bit
- pyramid-set bit
- quadricone rock drilling bit
- quenched bit
- quill bit
- radial diamond drilling bit
- random set bit
- rathole bit
- reamer bit
- reaming bit
- redrill bit
- Reed roller bit
- removable drill bit
- replaceable bit
- replaceable-blade bit
- replaceable-cutter head bit
- replaceable-head bit
- replacement bit
- rerun drilling bit
- reset bit
- restricted bit
- retractable bit rock
- retracted expandable drilling bit
- reverse circulation drilling bit
- reversed fishtail drilling bit
- reversed two-blade drilling bit
- ring bit
- ringed-out bit
- ripper step bit
- rock bit
- rock bit with lubricant bearing
- rock-cutter drilling bit
- rock-drilling bit
- rock-roller bit
- rod bit
- roller bit
- roller-cone core bit
- roller-cutter core bit
- roller-cutter drilling bit
- rolling cutter expandable drilling bit
- rolling-cutter rock bit
- rose bit
- rotary bit
- rotary core bit
- rotary core drilling bit
- rotary disk bit
- rotary disk drilling bit
- rotary rock bit
- rotation bit
- round-face bit
- round shoulder bit
- rugged bit
- saw bit
- sawtooth bit
- scraping-cutting-type drilling bit
- seal bit
- sealed bearing insert bit
- sealed roller bit
- sectional rolling-cutter drilling bit
- self-cleaning bit
- self-cleaning cone rock drilling bit
- self-cleaning cone rolling cutter drilling bit
- self-sharpening bit
- self-sharpening drilling bit
- semicoring bit
- semiround nose bit
- semispherical bit
- set bit
- sharp bit
- shoe-type washover bit
- shot bit
- shoulder bit
- side-hole bit
- side-tracking bit
- simulated insert bit
- single-bladed bit
- single-chisel bit
- single-layer bit
- single-layer diamond drilling bit
- single-round nose bit
- sintered bit
- sintered diamond bit
- sintered diamond coring bit
- sintered tungsten-carbide teeth drilling bit
- six-cone drilling bit
- six-cutter drilling bit
- six-roller drilling bit
- slip-on bit
- slug bit
- small-stone bit
- smooth bit
- soft-formation bit
- soft-formation insert bit
- soft-formation rolling cutter core drilling bit
- soft-formation tricone bit
- solid bit
- solid concave bit
- solid crown bit
- spade bit
- spark assisted roller drill bit
- spiral bit
- spiral diamond drilling bit
- spiral drilling bit
- spiral whipstock bit
- spoon bit
- spud bit
- spudding drilling bit
- square-nose bit
- square-shoulder bit
- standard core bit
- star bit
- star cable bit
- star pattern drilling bit
- steel bit
- steel-teeth bit
- step bit
- step-core bit
- step-crown bit
- step-face bit
- step-shaped diamond drilling bit
- step-shaped drilling bit
- stepped-crown bit
- straight bit
- straight-chopping bit
- straight-hole bit
- straight-sided core bit
- straight-wall bit
- streamlined waterway bit
- structure bit
- stuck drilling bit
- surface-set bit
- Swedish bit
- taper bit
- tapered bit
- tapered core bit
- tapered socket bit
- tapered step-core bit
- tapered stepped profile bit
- taper-wall bit
- tear-drop set bit
- T-gage bit
- thin-faced bit
- thin-kerf bit
- thin-wall bit
- three-blade drilling bit
- three-cone bit
- three-cone expandable drilling bit
- three-cone rock drilling bit
- three-cutter expandable drilling bit
- three-point bit
- three-point core drilling bit
- three-roller bit
- three-rolling cutter drilling bit
- three-stage drilling bit
- three-way bit
- three-way drilling bit
- three-winged bit
- throw-away bit
- tipped bit
- toothed drilling bit
- toothed roller bit
- torpedo bit
- top hole bit
- tricone bit
- tricone bit with tungsten carbide inserts
- tricone drilling bit
- tricone expandable drilling bit
- tricone jet rock drilling bit
- tricone rock drilling bit
- tricone roller rock bit
- trigger bit
- true-rolling bit
- tungsten-carbide boring bit
- tungsten-carbide drag bit
- tungsten-carbide insert drilling bit
- tungsten-carbide tipped bit
- tungsten-insert bit
- twin-cone bit
- twist bit
- twisted bit
- two-blade drag drilling bit
- two-cone bit
- two-cone drilling bit
- two-cone expandable drilling bit
- two-cutter expandable drilling bit
- two-disk bit
- two-point bit
- two-prong rotary bit
- two-roller bit
- two-way bit
- two-wing drag drilling bit
- unbalanced jet drilling bit
- undergage bit
- underreaming bit
- underweight bit
- unfaced drilling bit
- unstabilized drilling bit
- used bit
- vibrating bit
- wedge bit
- wedge-reaming bit
- wedge-set bit
- wedging bit
- wheel-type drilling bit
- whole-stone bit
- winged scraping bit
- wireline bit
- wireline core drilling bit
- wireline drilling bit
- worn bit
- worn-out drilling bit
- X-bit
- X-shape bit
- Z-bit
- Z-shape bit
- Zublin bit
- Zublin differential bit* * * -
8 rough
[rʌf] 1. прил.1)а) грубыйSyn:б) жёсткий (например, о шерсти)Syn:2) неровный; ухабистый ( о дороге)rough terrain — ухабистая местность, дорога с неровным рельефом
Syn:Ant:3) дикий, необитаемыйSyn:wild 1.4)б) суровый (о климате, погоде)Syn:в) лишённый комфорта, суровый ( об условиях жизни)5)а) резкий, неприятный ( о звуке)б) терпкий (о вкусе, запахе)в) грубый, неделикатный (о речи, манерах)- rough usageSyn:6)а) неотделанный, необработанныйSyn:crude 2., unfinishedб) черновой, в виде наброска7) примерный, приблизительныйto get a rough idea of smth. — получить примерное представление о чём-л.
Syn:approximate 1.8) горький, неприятный; трудный, сложныйHe is rough to deal with. — С ним очень трудно иметь дело.
Syn:••2. сущ.1)а) неровность ( местности)б) спорт. неровное поле ( в гольфе)2)а) незаконченность, неотделанность, незавершённостьб) черновик, черновой набросок3) неприятная сторона (чего-л.); трудность, неприятностьSyn:4) буян, грубиян; головорез, хулиган; скандалистThere'll be lots of new policemen to control the rogues and roughs. (Barham) — Будет большой набор в ряды полицейских, чтобы следить за мошенниками и хулиганами.
Syn:rowdy 1.6) разг.; = roughrider7) разг.б) горькое пиво3. нареч.4. гл.to treat rough — сурово обходиться (с кем-л.)
1) делать грубым, шероховатымSyn:Syn:3)а) отделывать вчерне ( здание)б) = rough in, = rough out намечать план, контур, черты (чего-л.)I've roughed in the general shape of the pattern in pencil. — Я набросал схему в общих чертах карандашом.
в) смётывать, сшивать на живую нитку ( платье)4)Syn:5)а) = rough up избивать, жестоко обращатьсяRough him up a little. — Надо ему задать лёгкую взбучку.
Syn:б) = rough up допускать грубость ( особенно в футболе)6) оскорблять, осквернять слух (чем-л.)He lost no chance of roughing him in his replies. (Th. Hughes) — Он не упускал возможности оскорбить его своими ответами.
Syn:•- rough up••to rough it — мириться с лишениями, обходиться без (обычных) удобств
to rough smb. up the wrong way — гладить кого-л. против шерсти
-
9 design
дизайн имя существительное: глагол:конструировать (design, construct, develop)делать эскиз (sketch, design) -
10 stub
1. n пень2. n короткий тупой обломок3. n гвоздь без шляпки4. n окурок5. n корешок; талон6. n тех. укороченная деталь7. n элк. шлейф8. n тех. короткая стойка9. n тех. штырь10. v выкорчёвывать, вырывать с корнем11. v корчевать; расчищатьto stub a field — расчистить поле, выкорчевав все пни
12. v гаситьСинонимический ряд:end (noun) base; bottom; broken end; butt; end; extremity; remainder; remnant; short end; stump; tail; tail end; tip
См. также в других словарях:
Pencil of rays — Ray Ray, n. [OF. rai, F. rais, fr. L. radius a beam or ray, staff, rod, spoke of a wheel. Cf. {Radius}.] 1. One of a number of lines or parts diverging from a common point or center, like the radii of a circle; as, a star of six rays. [1913… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Slate pencil — Slate Slate (sl[=a]t), n. [OE. slat, sclat, OF. esclat a shiver, splinter, F. [ e]clat, fr. OF. esclater to shiver, to chip, F. [ e]clater, fr. OHG. sleizen to tear, slit, split, fr. sl[=i]zan to slit, G. schleissen. See {Slit}, v. t., and cf.… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Hair pencil — Hair Hair (h[^a]r), n. [OE. her, heer, h[ae]r, AS. h[=ae]r; akin to OFries. h[=e]r, D. & G. haar, OHG. & Icel. h[=a]r, Dan. haar, Sw. h[*a]r; cf. Lith. kasa.] 1. The collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of an animal, and forming… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Fine-structure constant — The fine structure constant or Sommerfeld fine structure constant, usually denoted alpha ,, is the fundamental physical constant characterizing the strength of the electromagnetic interaction.It is a dimensionless quantity, and thus its numerical … Wikipedia
drawing — /draw ing/, n. 1. the act of a person or thing that draws. 2. a graphic representation by lines of an object or idea, as with a pencil; a delineation of form without reference to color. 3. a sketch, plan, or design, esp. one made with pen, pencil … Universalium
Mitchell's Hopping Mouse — Conservation status Least Concern& … Wikipedia
Job interview — Oakland, California. Hanging Around. The total time spent in actual interviews while hunting a job takes only a small part of the day; unwilling to go home these youths spend most of their day hanging around and talking with other job hunters.… … Wikipedia
computer — computerlike, adj. /keuhm pyooh teuhr/, n. 1. Also called processor. an electronic device designed to accept data, perform prescribed mathematical and logical operations at high speed, and display the results of these operations. Cf. analog… … Universalium
Graphene — is a one atom thick planar sheet of sp2 bonded carbon atoms that are densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice. It can be viewed as an atomic scale chicken wire made of carbon atoms and their bonds. The name comes from GRAPHITE + ENE;… … Wikipedia
analytic philosophy — n. a 20th cent. philosophic movement characterized by its method of analyzing concepts and statements in the light of common experience and ordinary language so as to eliminate confusions of thought and resolve many traditional philosophical… … Universalium
atom — /at euhm/, n. 1. Physics. a. the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element, consisting of a nucleus containing combinations of neutrons and protons and one or more electrons bound to the nucleus by electrical… … Universalium
